http://elea.unisa.it/xmlui/handle/10556/9595 2026-07-22T17:21:10Z 2026-07-22T17:21:10Z Barel, Bruno http://elea.unisa.it/xmlui/handle/10556/9603 2026-07-22T12:58:57Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

La riforma della legislazione sulla cittadinanza tra Corte costituzionale e Corte di giustizia dell'Unione Europea Barel, Bruno

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Fernández Sánchez, Pablo Antonio http://elea.unisa.it/xmlui/handle/10556/9602 2026-07-22T12:58:44Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Free movement of persons in the agreement between the EU and the United Kingdom in respect of Gibraltar. Special status of military personnel Fernández Sánchez, Pablo Antonio This article analyzes the legal framework governing the free movement of persons under the 2026 Agreement in respect of Gibraltar between the European Union and the United Kingdom. Following Brexit, the Agreement introduces an innovative border regime aimed at removing physical barriers at the land border (La Línea) and relocating the EU external border controls to Gibraltar’s port and airport. This mechanism effectively integrates the territory into the Schengen Area de facto, placing the responsibility for border inspections on Spanish authorities. However, the study critically examines the specific and controversial derogations granted to British military personnel, their families, and visiting third-country forces. The author argues that by exempting these groups from standard Schengen passport checks – relying instead on a broad and questionable application of NATO SOFA principles – the Agreement creates significant legal loopholes. These unjustified privileges compromise the absolute control and integrity of the EU’s external borders, inevitably requiring future regulatory amendments to close the existing security gaps.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Panebianco, Massimo http://elea.unisa.it/xmlui/handle/10556/9601 2026-07-22T12:58:28Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Storia diplomatica: Italia-Europa-Occidente Panebianco, Massimo Nel quadro della storia del diritto internazionale, quella diplomatica italiana ed europea si svolge lungo un percorso contrassegnato da più fasi storiche che vanno dall’età antica a quella medioevale e moderna. Le sue fonti di documentazione partono dagli antichi autori greci e romani che riferiscono di eventi o di relazioni internazionali, regolati da norme di diritto delle genti, poste a fondamento del diritto internazionale attuale, secondo una vera e propria tradizione storica, da tempo studiata. L’eredità diplomatica del XX secolo consente di riutilizzare nel nuovo secolo tutti gli strumenti dell’internazionalismo classico, rivolti alla produzione ed alla garanzia di un ordine globale “multi-livello” e “multipolare”. Si tratta degli strumenti della tradizione storica del diritto internazionale, a partire dai patti o accordi di pace, fino ai vari mezzi di soluzione delle controversie fra Stati, sia di natura politica che di tipo economico.; Within the broader history of international law, the development of Italian and European diplomacy has unfolded through a succession of historical phases spanning antiquity, the medieval period, and the modern era. Its documentary sources originate in the works of ancient Greek and Roman authors, who recorded events and international relations governed by the law of nations (ius gentium), whose principles constitute the historical foundations of contemporary international law within a longestablished scholarly tradition. The diplomatic legacy of the twentieth century has made it possible to carry forward into the twenty-first century the full range of instruments of classical internationalism, aimed at the creation and preservation of a multilayered and multipolar global order. These instruments derive from the historical tradition of international law, ranging from peace treaties and international agreements to the various mechanisms for the peaceful settlement of disputes between States, whether of a political or an economic nature.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Faggiani, Valentina http://elea.unisa.it/xmlui/handle/10556/9600 2026-07-22T12:58:12Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

¿Hacia un modelo de Estado híbrido? Entre court-packing e intentos de revertir la backsliding Faggiani, Valentina La Justicia está siendo sometida a continuos ataques por parte de los Gobiernos, no solo de corte iliberal o autoritario, a fin de controlar el desempeño de la función primordial de los jueces de dirimir conflictos, influenciando los procesos decisorios. Estos ataques llegan al corazón de uno de los elementos constitutivos del Estado de Derecho (art. 2 TUE), amenazando su mantenimiento. Por ello, el presente estudio pretende indagar cómo las interferencias gubernamentales en los nombramientos de los órganos de justicia están modificando el rol de los jueces. El objetivo es reflexionar si es posible y, en su caso, cómo se debería volver a articular el rol de la Justicia en un contexto de rule of law backsliding para intentar responder a estas tendencias involutivas, revirtiéndolas y restableciendo una suerte de equilibrio entre política y jurisdicción, tanto ordinaria como constitucional, y de esta forma restaurar la democracia. El análisis se centrará en Hungría y Polonia como ejemplos de Estados iliberales y España, que representa un modelo cada vez más híbrido.; Justice is suffering constant attacks from governments, not only the illiberal or authoritarian executives, whose objective is to control the fundamental role of judges in resolving conflicts and administering justice, influencing decision-making processes. These attacks strike at the heart of one of the constituent elements of the Rule of Law (Art. 2 TEU), threatening its maintenance. Therefore, this study aims at investigating how government interference in the appointment of judicial bodies is changing the role of judges. The objective is to understand whether it is possible and, if so, how the role of the judiciary should be rearticulated in a context of rule of law backsliding to try to respond to these regressive trends, reversing them and reestablishing a balance between politics and jurisdiction, both ordinary and constitutional, and thus restoring democracy. The analysis will focus on Hungary and Poland as examples of illiberal States and Spain, that represents a model increasingly hybrid.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z