Traducteurs de la Renaissance: Jean Martin, l’inconnu

Abstract

Renaissance in France is one of the most important ages for the history of translation. Whereas some of the European languages are considered like noble national languages, translation practice changes deeply. In fact, in order to encourage the use of the national language, in France François I’s policy facilitates the translation of an increasing number of texts or documents after a long period of oblivion. After 1540, translation is considered like urgent and necessary to transfer knowledge. Only a few translators have personal theories which help them follow specific rules. After Etienne Dolet, the best known theoreti cian, Jean Martin, through his translations of Vitruvius, contributes to make this author popular and, in particular, to improve lexicology research in the Renaissance age. After François I’s death, he becomes an important personality in Paris thanks to his contacts with Michel Vascosan’s translation laboratory. Mar tin proposed to enhance every text rather than to translate it. This does not prevent him from respecting every author, his thoughts and his original text. He admired ancient documents and, as a consequence, he is considered a bridge between Antiquity and Renaissance as he was one of the most innovative tran slators of that century. He became famous for his ‘mirror translation’ practice in the respect of original language and texts.