| dc.description.abstract | The doctoral research work focused on problematizing, from a philosophical legal and
political point of view, certain aspects of the thinking of the two best-known and most
relevant economists of the 20th century, John Maynard Keynes and Friedrich August Hayek.
The economic and social philosophy analysis of the works of the two authors was put under
the scrutiny of two lines of inquiry: first of the relationship between the sphere of economics
and the sphere of politics, and then, closely related to the first aspect, the different
declinations of the concept of crisis.
In the first part of the research, moving from a philosophical questioning, the concept of the
modern was investigated from the constituent character that the relationship between the
Political and the Economic has assumed. Within this framework it was possible to examine
mainly, two fundamental concepts of the legal philosophical lexicon: that of the individual
and that of the State.
In the second part, however, the same issue was analyzed in the light of the thought, first, of
the Cambridge economist and later of the Viennese. In the second chapter of the thesis, in
fact, three topical moments are distinguished that allow the notion of Keynesian crisis to be
delineated, highlighting the tension between economic science and politics. First, the
monetary question, which intensely marks Keynes' thinking between the 1920s and his death
in 1946, then reflections on the crisis of the liberal order that opened with the end of
nineteenth-century laissez-faire, and finally, Keynes' diplomatic work during the two world
wars define three determinations of Keynesian work.
In the third chapter, the figure of Hayek is developed in two directions: the purely economic
work developed between the 1920s and early 1940s, when the Viennese's analysis focused
on the definition of the business cycle and the identification of crisis as an intervention by
public authorities in the naturalness of the cycle; secondly, however, the research focused on
the works of his maturity, when the new Hayekian definition of crisis, the one revolving
around the notion of catallaxy, assumes and highlights the anti-modern bearing of Hayek's
political philosophy.
The whole reflection is mainly aimed at relating the two authors, both, more generally, from
the point of view of their intellectual and biographical relationship, and by highlighting the
different normative proposal internal to their interpretation, which the two theorists
developed by differentially tensioning the dyad constituted by the terms Economic and
Political. [edited by Author] | it_IT |
