La componente archeologica nelle metodologie di valutazione ambientale dei piani

Abstract

The evaluation component of archaeological in urban planning finds its legal basis in European and specific national legislation of environmental assessments. The planning maps often contain the archaeological map in the themes of environmental knowledge. Generally this tool is limited at the mapping and reporting of findings in the literature, without adding information on the predicted scale. To obtain a predicted level, that can provide more accurate information to avoid impacts with the existing it is proposed the drawing up of maps of archaeological potential. These tools would be able to provide information both on the level of anthropic attending of land, also to identify "archaeologically empty" areas. Fundamental tool for the preparation of these maps are the techniques of spatial analysis conducted through the tools offered by information technology. It is the environmental assessment, measuring among others, pressure of the urban plan on the ground and the landscape, is characterized as the main tool for the evaluation of the archaeological component in the strategic development of the territory. To obtain the purpose of the research project it was required to use high analytical tools. To do it, the research has seen before the interaction and then a synthesis between the various disciplines interested, in different way, to the landscape and its history: urban planning, geography, geomorphology, ecology and archeology. A basical characteristic of the approach to landscape in fact, is an interdisciplinary approach, or rather would say transdisciplinarity: the "place" where the boundaries of different disciplines involved are broken and disciplines influence each other. For this reason it is conducted before a "semantic" job, a knowledge work towards acquiring experiences and methods typical of the various "disciplines of the landscape". The second step of the work was characterized by the synthesis of a common lexicon. It was to establish a sort of ontology is able to combine different types of knowledge in a structure containing all the relevant entities and their relationships. [edited by Author]