La Digital History : histoire et mémoire à la portée de tous
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(2011Autore
Noiret, Serge <Istituto Universitario Europeo, Firenze>
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L’histoire numérique (Digital History) dans sa version 2.0, a certainement permis de désenclaver la
«culture haute» mais avec l’apparition du web 2.0, l’histoire et la mémoire sont à présent la
prérogative de tout le monde dans la toile grâce au «crowdsourcing». Le danger aujourd’hui est
que les spécialistes ne dominent pas les mutations du numérique. Sans une prise de conscience qui
ne peut passer que par la connaissance des nouveaux instruments, la révolution du numérique
éliminera la capacité professionnelle de reconstruire le passé qui deviendra l’apanage des
mémoires individuelles et de l’horizon aveugle de chacun. L’auteur tente de comprendre quelles
sont les mutations plus significatives de l’histoire 2.0 pour le métier d’historien et quels sont
précisément les enjeux épistémologiques posés par le numérique participatif. Il s’attarde sur les
pratiques nouvelles de la Digital Public History, l’histoire désenclavée à la portée de tout le monde
qui répond aux profonds besoins identitaires de nos sociétés globalisées. Digital History in its version 2.0, has certainly helped to open up "high culture" but with the advent of web 2.0, history and memory are now the prerogative of anyone using "crowdsourcing" activities. The danger today is that specialists do not control these digital mutations. Without a knowledge of the new instruments and reflecting on the new historian’s craft, the digital revolution will eliminate the professional capacity to reconstruct the past. History will soon become an open territory for unqualified individuals to play with. The author attempts to understand what are the most significant mutations of history 2.0 for the profession of historian and what exactly are the epistemological issues posed by the new digital realm. He focuses on the practices of Digital Public History, a history open to everyone and answering to the profound identity needs of our societies.
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