| dc.description.abstract | The topic of urban security has become highly relevant in the urban agendas
of cities and metropolitan areas. One of the main requirements for well-
functioning cities and their sustainability is that they have secure streets and
public spaces, as confirmed by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) of
the 2030 Agenda, in particular SDG 11.
Security in the city is hindered everyday by the occurrence of predatory
crimes or incivility episodes that affect the perception of insecurity and increase
fear. The latter is a real social problem, with actual and measurable impacts on
the city' s functioning and the economy of the whole urban structure.
The objective of making the city safer cannot be pursued exclusively through
repressive or control actions, or sporadic social interventions. The complexity
of the problem requires an integrated approach both in the assessment of
security conditions and in the definition of appropriate intervention strategies,
including environmental crime prevention strategies. The outlined strategies’
effectiveness depends on the knowledge of the specific context and on a
complete risk scenario analysis, which is able to combine and synthesise all the
aspects that contribute to the creation of security conditions. It is also noted that
no instrument available in the literature provides an unambiguous definition, a
complete assessment or a mapping method for the concept of crime risk and that
there is an absence of explicit guidelines in municipal urban Plans.
The research is integrated into the theme by proposing a crime risk mapping
method that can be replicated in any territorial context. The composite crime
risk index IRc, structured according to the territorial risk paradigm, combines
the main aspects that contribute to the characterisation of risk scenarios.
Through three risk factors (Hc, Vc, Ec), each of them described by appropriate
indicators, it integrates: the probability of crime occurrence and, therefore, the
probability of actual victimisation; the physical and functional predisposition of
spaces to favour the occurrence of crimes or insecurity; information on the
population, understood as an element exposed to crime risk. The crime risk map
associated with the IRc index, structured in five risk classes (R1, R2, R3, R4,
R5), gives a snapshot of the risk conditions of the studied territory. It highlights
the presence, intensity and surface extension of the critical areas against which
to evaluate appropriate intervention strategies. The outlined model also
proposes the definition of specific actions for the municipal urban Plan in order
to promote a systematic action of adapting spaces to security criteria. [...] [edited by Author] | it_IT |
