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dc.contributor.authorWang, George C.
dc.contributor.authorCasolaro, Vincenzo
dc.date.accessioned2014-06-04T13:15:01Z
dc.date.available2014-06-04T13:15:01Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.identifier.citationWang GC, and Casolaro V. Immunologic Changes in Frail Older Adults. Translational Medicine @ UniSa 2014;9(1):1-6en_US
dc.identifier.issn2239-9747en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10556/1387
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.14273/unisa-236
dc.description.abstractSeveral studies have shown a heightened inflammatory state in frail older adults, marked by high serum levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein and an increased number of circulating leukocytes. Activation of monocytes and macrophages, marked by increased levels of neopterin, may contribute to chronic inflammation in the frail older adult. However, the reduced mononuclear cell response to lipopolysaccharide in vitro suggests the existence of defective activation pathways within the innate immune system possibly due to desensitization. Conversely, the expansion of CD8+ T cells, and specifically those expressing the CCR5 chemokine receptor, above and beyond the levels observed in senescence, points to the involvement of adaptive immune pathways. In line with these observations, frail older adults exhibit a reduced antibody response to pneumococcal and influenza vaccines. Collectively, these observations support the existence of a dysregulated immune system in frail older adults and highlight the need for strategies to improve its function.en_US
dc.format.extentP. 1-6en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.sourceUniSa. Sistema Bibliotecario di Ateneoen_US
dc.subjectCytokinesen_US
dc.subjectFrailtyen_US
dc.subjectInflammationen_US
dc.subjectImmunityen_US
dc.subjectLymphocytesen_US
dc.titleImmunologic Changes in Frail Older Adultsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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